Difference between revisions of "User:NicolasD"

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Désolé de pourrir les 'recent changes' :)
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Je suis Nicolas Duclos, j'ai 35 ans et je suis informaticien de formation avec un DESS (master) en info à Rennes.
 +
 
 
==Truc utile==
 
==Truc utile==
 
===GRUB sur clé USB===
 
===GRUB sur clé USB===
 
Voici une petite astuce pour :
 
Voici une petite astuce pour :
 
* ne plus perdre GRUB lors de la réinstallation de Windows
 
* ne plus perdre GRUB lors de la réinstallation de Windows
* ne plus avoir accès à Windows après l'installation de Linux
+
* toujours accéder à Windows après l'(la ré-)installation de Linux... (oui oui ca arrive souvent :) )
 
* rendre inaccessible la partition Linux sur votre machine
 
* rendre inaccessible la partition Linux sur votre machine
L'astuce est d'installer ''que'' GRUB sur une clé USB. '''Attention, l'ordre des actions est important'''
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L'astuce est d'installer ''que'' GRUB sur une clé USB.
 +
{{Note| l'ordre des actions est important}}
 
* Formater la cle USB en fat32 (gparted)
 
* Formater la cle USB en fat32 (gparted)
 
* Récupérer la liste des disques monter ainsi que leur ID  
 
* Récupérer la liste des disques monter ainsi que leur ID  
Line 18: Line 20:
 
* installer Grub sur la clé USB
 
* installer Grub sur la clé USB
 
<pre class="host">
 
<pre class="host">
$ grub-install --no-floppy --root-directory=/media/disk /dev/sdb1 (remplacer sdb1 par la valeur récupérée avec la commande précédente)
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$ grub-install --no-floppy --root-directory=/media/disk /dev/sdb1 (remplacer sdb1 par la valeur récupérée avec la commande précédente)
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
 
* demonter le disque USB
 
* demonter le disque USB
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sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev  libglib2.0-dev  libglade2-dev
 
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev  libglib2.0-dev  libglade2-dev
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
==Banc à sable==
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==Participation à la documentation Armadeus Project==
 
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* [[Android]]
Ce qui suit n'est qu'un brouillon avec les fautes de frappes et d'orthographes comme il se doit.
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+
 
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==Prerequisites for Linux installation==
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===Install needed software packages===
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* Install these package for build the kernel image and for format the mmc/µSD card
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<pre class="host">
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$ sudo apt-get install uboot-mkimage mtd-utils
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</pre>
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* [[Toolchain]]
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===Update the environment variables===
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Theses environment variables install the Android and Armadeus folder in our home directory, but of course, it can be placed anywhere!
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<pre class="config">
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export ANDROID_SOURCE=~/apf27droid
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export ANDROID_SDK=~/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r3
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export ARMADEUS=~/armadeus-3.1
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export PATH=${PATH}:${ANDROID_SDK}/tools:${ANDROID_SOURCE}/bin
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</pre>
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==Construction of Android environment==
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===Download Android source===
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The [http://source.android.com/download getting Android source] document describes how to set up our local work environment.
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Follow theses instructions until '''Installing Repo''' chapter.<br>
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<pre class="host">
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$ mkdir ANDROID_SOURCE
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$ cd $ANDROID_SOURCE
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$ mkdir bin
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$ curl http://android.git.kernel.org/repo >$ANDROID_SOURCE/bin/repo
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$ chmod a+x $ANDROID_SOURCE/bin/repo
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$ repo init -u git://android.git.kernel.org/platform/manifest.git -b android-sdk-1.5_r3
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$ repo sync
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</pre>
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Since android-sdk-1.5_r3 branch, the Linux kernel isn't with the Android source,
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We can download it in a compress archive (tar.gz) file with this [http://android.git.kernel.org/?p=kernel/common.git;a=snapshot;h=refs/heads/android-2.6.29;sf=tgz android-kernel-2.6.29] (about (70Mib) or with git repository (more 300Mib)
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<pre class="host">
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$ mkdir $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel
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$ cd $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel
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$ git clone git://android.git.kernel.org/kernel/common.git android-2.6.29
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</pre>
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===Apply the Armadeus patchset===
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Before compiling the kernel, we patch the source with the Armadeus patches. In second time, I will give the URL to retrieve Linux 2.6.29.4 patch.
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<pre class="host">
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$ $ARMADEUS/buildroot/toolchain/patch-kernel.sh $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel $ARMADEUS/downloads patch-2.6.29.4.bz2
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$ $ARMADEUS/buildroot/toolchain/patch-kernel.sh $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel $ARMADEUS/buildroot/toolchain/kernel-headers linux-2.6.29.4-\*.patch{,.gz,.bz2}
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$ $ARMADEUS/buildroot/toolchain/patch-kernel.sh $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel $ARMADEUS/buildroot/target/device/armadeus/linux/kernel-patches/2.6.29.4 \*.patch{,.gz,.bz2}
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$ mkdir $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel/drivers/armadeus
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$ cp -r $ARMADEUS/target/linux/modules/* $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel/drivers/armadeus
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$ cp $ARMADEUS/buildroot/target/device/armadeus/apf27/apf27-linux-2.6.29.config $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel/arch/arm/configs/apf27_android_defconfig
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</pre>
+
 
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===Battery patch===
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At the beginning, reboot happened over again even though Android logo appeared on board.
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Result of investigation, we found that battery power was returned with 0 when boot..
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To complete!!!
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===Android kernel configuration (2.6.29)===
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Make sure your kernel boots normally on your board. Then enable some Android specific configuration and make sure that your kernel still boots (with your standard file system).
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* EABI
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<pre class="config">
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CONFIG_AEABI=y
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# CONFIG_OABI_COMPAT is not set
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</pre>
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* THUMB
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<pre class="config">
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CONFIG_ARM_THUMB=y
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</pre>
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* Android drivers
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<pre class="config">
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# Android
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#
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CONFIG_ANDROID=y
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CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_IPC=y
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CONFIG_ANDROID_LOGGER=y
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# CONFIG_ANDROID_RAM_CONSOLE is not set
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CONFIG_ANDROID_TIMED_OUTPUT=y
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CONFIG_ANDROID_LOW_MEMORY_KILLER=y
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</pre>
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===compile Android kernel===
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<pre class="host">
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$ cd $ANDROID_SOURCE/kernel
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$ make ARCH=arm mrproper
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$ make ARCH=arm apf27_android_defconfig
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$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=../prebuilt/linux-x86/toolchain/arm-eabi-4.2.1/bin/arm-eabi- uImage
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$ cp ./arch/arm/boot/uImage $TFTPBOOT/apf27-linux.bin
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</pre>
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==Making SD card for boot==
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===Copying the Android root filesystem===
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Android’s root file system is generated in $ANDROID_SOURCE/out/target/product/generic
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<pre class="host">
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$ cd $ANDROID_SOURCE/out/target/product/generic
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$ mkdir $ANDROID_SOURCE/rootfs (or '$ sudo rm -rf $ANDROID_SOURCE/rootfs/*' if the folder already exist )
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$ cp -a root/* $ANDROID_SOURCE/rootfs/
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$ cp -a system/* $ANDROID_SOURCE/rootfs/system/
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$ cd $ANDROID_SOURCE/rootfs
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$ sudo chown -R root.root .
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$ sudo chmod -R a+rwX data system
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</pre>
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===Change init.rc===
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Open $ANDROID_SOURCE/system/core/rootdir and comment the 'mount yaffs2' lines like this:
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<pre class="config">
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...
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# mount mtd partitions
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    # Mount /system rw first to give the filesystem a chance to save a checkpoint
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    # mount yaffs2 mtd@system /system
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    # mount yaffs2 mtd@system /system ro remount
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    # We chown/chmod /data again so because mount is run as root + defaults
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    # mount yaffs2 mtd@userdata /data nosuid nodev
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    chown system system /data
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    chmod 0771 /data
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    # Same reason as /data above
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    # mount yaffs2 mtd@cache /cache nosuid nodev
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    chown system cache /cache
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    chmod 0770 /cache
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    # This may have been created by the recovery system with odd permissions
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    chown system system /cache/recovery
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    chmod 0770 /cache/recovery
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...
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</pre>
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===Formatting an MMC/SD card===
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We will create two partitions on our mmc/µSD card, The first one will use for Android memory card, the second one will use for Android file system.
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First connect your card reader to your workstation, with the mmc/µSD card inside. Type the '''dmesg''' command to see which device is used by your workstation. Let’s assume that this device is '''/dev/sdb'''
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<pre class="host">
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$ dmesg
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...
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[ 9145.613954]  sdb: sdb1 sdb2
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[ 9145.615125] sd 10:0:0:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI removable disk
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[ 9145.615258] sd 10:0:0:0: Attached scsi generic sg3 type 0
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</pre>
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Type the mount command to check your currently mounted partitions. If MMC/SD partitions are mounted, unmount them.<br>
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In a terminal edit partitions with fdisk:
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<pre class="host">
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sudo fdisk /dev/sdb
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</pre>
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Delete any existing partition with the d command.<br>
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Now, create the boot partition:
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<pre class="host">
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Command (m for help): n
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Command action
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  e  extended
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  p  primary partition (1-4)
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p
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Partition number (1-4): 1
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First cylinder (1-495, default 1): 1
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Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-239, default 239): +1G
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</pre>
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Change its type to FAT32:
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<pre class="host">
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Command (m for help): t
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Selected partition 1
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Hex code (type L to list codes): c
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Changed system type of partition 1 to c (W95 FAT32 (LBA))
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</pre>
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Using the n command again, create a second partition filling up the rest of your card (just accept default values).<br>
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Now, format the partitions in your card:
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<pre class="host">
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sudo mkfs.vfat -n MemoryCard -F 32 /dev/sdb1
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sudo mkfs.ext2 -L AndroidFS /dev/sdb2
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</pre>
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Remove and insert your card again. Your new partitions should be mounted automatically.<br>
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===Copying data to the MMC/SD card===
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Now copy the Android root filesystem to the second partition.
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<pre class="host">
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sudo rsync -a $ANDROID_SOURCE/rootfs/ /media/AndroidFS/
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</pre>
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Finish by unmounting your mmc/µSD partitions:
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<pre class="host">
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sudo umount /media/MemoryCard
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sudo umount /media/AndroidFS
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</pre>
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==Boot setup==
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The last thing left to do is to specify how the board boots Linux.<br>
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In the U-boot prompt, make the mmc boot is on second partition of the mmc/µSD card
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<pre class="apf">
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# setenv mmcroot '/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw'
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</pre>
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Now set the kernel command line arguments
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<pre class="apf">
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# setenv addmmcargs 'setenv bootargs ${bootargs} root=${mmcroot} rootfstype=${mmcrootfstype} init=\init androidboot.console=ttyS0'
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# saveenv
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</pre>
+
 
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==Debug==
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Trace with '''strace'''
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<pre class="apf">
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# mount /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/mmc
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# strace  chroot /mnt/mmc /init androidboot.console=ttyS0
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</pre>
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Trave with ''''logcat'''
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<pre class="apf">
+
# mount /dev/mmcblk0p2 /mnt/mmc
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# chroot /mnt/mmc /init androidboot.console=ttyS0 &
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# /system/bin/logcat
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</pre>
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===Test with Android emulator===
+
[http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/emulator.html emulator]
+
<pre class="host">
+
$ make ARCH=arm goldfish_defconfig
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$ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=../prebuilt/linux-x86/toolchain/arm-eabi-4.2.1/bin/arm-eabi
+
# créer des AVD (Android Virtual Device)
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$ ~/dev/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r3/tools/android create avd -n APF27-H -t 2 -s 272x480
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$ ~/dev/android-sdk-linux_x86-1.5_r3/tools/android create avd -n APF27-L -t 2 -s 480x272
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$ $ANDROID/out/host/linux-x86/bin/emulator -avd APF27-H -sysdir $ANDROID/out/target/product/generic/ -kernel $ANDROID/kernel/arch/arm/boot/zImage -data $ANDROID/out/target/product/generic/userdata.img -ramdisk $ANDROID/out/target/product/generic/ramdisk.img -system $ANDROID/out/target/product/generic/system.img
+
</pre>
+
 
+
==Android Root File system==
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Android emulator has 3 basic images on tools/lib/images directory.
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* '''ramdisk.img''' is gziped cpio archive. ramdisk.img is a small partition image that is mounted read-only by the kernel at boot time. It only contains /init and a few config files. It is used to start init which will mount the rest of the system images properly and run the init procedure. A Ramdisk is a standard Linux feature. It is made just for the Android and do special things to start up the Android system.
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* '''system.img''' is a partition image that will be mounted as / and thus contains all system binaries.
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* '''userdata.img''' is a partition image that can be mounted as /data and thus contains all application-specific and user-specific data.
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'''/system''' directory has libraries and default system packages (*.apk). /data directory has timezone, cache, and ''ApiDemos.apk'' package.<br>
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The main services are zygote('''/system/bin/app_process'''), runtime('''/system/bin/runtime'''), and dbus('''/system/bin/dbus-daemon'''). You can see the '''/etc/init.rc''' file on the Android ramdisk image.
+
<pre class="apf">
+
...
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zygote {
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    exec /system/bin/app_process
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    args {
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        0 -Xzygote
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        1 /system/bin
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        2 --zygote
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    }
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    autostart 1
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}
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runtime {
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    exec /system/bin/runtime
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    autostart 1
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}
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...
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dbus {
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    exec /system/bin/dbus-daemon
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    args.0 --system
+
    args.1 --nofork
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    autostart 1
+
}
+
...
+
</pre>
+

Latest revision as of 14:01, 7 August 2009

Je suis Nicolas Duclos, j'ai 35 ans et je suis informaticien de formation avec un DESS (master) en info à Rennes.

Truc utile

GRUB sur clé USB

Voici une petite astuce pour :

  • ne plus perdre GRUB lors de la réinstallation de Windows
  • toujours accéder à Windows après l'(la ré-)installation de Linux... (oui oui ca arrive souvent :) )
  • rendre inaccessible la partition Linux sur votre machine

L'astuce est d'installer que GRUB sur une clé USB.

Note Note: l'ordre des actions est important
  • Formater la cle USB en fat32 (gparted)
  • Récupérer la liste des disques monter ainsi que leur ID
$ sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: UUID="CC5C86435C862872" TYPE="ntfs" 
/dev/sda5: UUID="aad30bf1-d620-4244-9fb5-42f4a38075fb" TYPE="ext3" 
/dev/sda6: TYPE="swap" UUID="e3163bab-1fcc-4bcd-844d-7dcabc35015c" 
/dev/sdb1: UUID="4C9D-547F" TYPE="vfat" 
  • installer Grub sur la clé USB
$ grub-install --no-floppy --root-directory=/media/disk /dev/sdb1 (remplacer sdb1 par la valeur récupérée avec la commande précédente)
  • demonter le disque USB
$ sudo umount /media/disk
  • Installer le MBR
$ sudo install-mbr /dev/sdb1
  • Mettre le flag boot sur la clé USB (gparted)

make gconfig

Installer les bibliothèques pour lancer make gconfig

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev  libglib2.0-dev  libglade2-dev

Participation à la documentation Armadeus Project